A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of healthy volunteers showed that HMC acts on circulation and vein thrombosis by reducing capillary filtration levels and increasing blood volume. Other research has shown a general improvement in circulation and decreases in viscosity and swelling of the legs.

Together, these properties contribute to cardiovascular health protection, even if the effect is not specific to the components of HMC. A number of compounds act synergistically with HMC, significantly boosting the effects mentioned above. Of particular note here is butcher's broom (Ruscus aculeatus), as well as vitamin C.

Similarly, at a conference in San Diego in August 2016, scientists reported considerable progress from combining HMC with DHA (one of the three omega-3 fatty acids the body needs to function properly), and with 90% caffeine-free green tea extract, luteolin and apigenin. This was in the context of evaluating how neurogenesis occurs, the process by which functional neurons are generated from neural stem cells. In other words, the researchers found that these combinations are likely to result in the creation of new brain cells.

Diosmin Plus primarily contains diosmin, a flavonoid pigment found in certain citrus fruits (3-4) and plant species of the rutaceae family.

It’s an active compound that has been used therapeutically for more than 40 years to treat chronic venous insufficiency and is recognised for its venotonic and vasotonic properties. It’s associated with benefits such as strengthening blood vessel walls, increasing venous tone and normalising capillary permeability.

The most common dose for diosmin is 300mg-900mg, ie 1-3 capsules a day.

It is sometimes combined with hesperidin for treating vein problems or relieving heavy leg syndrome during and post-menopause.

Diosmin is extremely well tolerated and safe to use.